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Formula from Chapter 4:Sum of oxidation number
\(\mathrm{Charge}_{\mathrm{species}} = \sum (N_{\mathrm{atom}} \cdot \mathrm{Ox}_{\mathrm{atom}})\)
\(\ce{ SO4^2-}\)
\(\mathrm{Ox}_{\mathrm{\ce{S}}}\)
\(= 6\)
\(N_{\mathrm{\ce{S}}}\)
\(= 1\)
\(\mathrm{Ox}_{\mathrm{\ce{O}}}\)
\(= -2\)
\(N_{\mathrm{\ce{O}}}\)
\(= 4\)
\(\mathrm{Charge}_{\mathrm{\ce{SO4^2-}}}\)
\(= N_{\mathrm{\ce{S}}} \cdot \mathrm{Ox}_{\mathrm{\ce{S}}} + N_{\mathrm{\ce{O}}} \cdot \mathrm{Ox}_{\mathrm{\ce{O}}}\)
\(\ \ \ =1 \cdot 6 + 4 \cdot (-2)\)
\(\ \ \ =6 + -8\)
\(\ \ \ =-2\)